"What Jesus was crucified on probably looked more like a capital 'T', the crossbeam to which Jesus' wrists were nailed being hoisted to rest atop an already anchored upright post. It was then probably secured in place by a spike. The Christian cross probably represents a melding of this 'T' shape with the solar cross as a bit of religious syncretism."
"The Court skipped right over formidable interpretive problems that required the kind of attention to language, history, and purposes that its members had lavished on many other parts of the Constitution: Are the establishment and free exercise provisions two separate “clauses” each with its own set of values, and somewhat in tension with one another? Or is there, as the historical record suggests, but one religion clause whose establishment and free exercise provisions serve one central value—the freedom of religion? Is free exercise an individual right, or does it also have associational and institutional aspects?"
Clash of Religious Titans: Kingsley vs. Newman, by John Spencer Neumann, The Concord Review, Fall 1996 [pdf]
Woodrow Wilson on Education, by Isaiah Berlin (1959, 2004) written for, but not published in, a book, Education in the Nation’s Service [pdf]
Articles, Essays, Reviews
Dawn, dusk, sunrise, sunset and twilight, Mr. Reid
Ratzinger's forgotten prophesy on the future of the Church: A week after Benedict XVI's shock announcement, an important statement he once made comes to light, La Stampa
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